Wood floors and stairs squeak because the boards are loose. Because it's usually not a good idea to drive a nail thru a finished floor, repairs will have to be done from beneath.
You'll need access to the framing to make this repair so if your walls or ceilings are finished, preventing this, you'll have to live with the squeak or cut out some wall or ceiling material to get to the framing. Use these wall repair guides to fix your drywall and plaster when you're done.
Locate the loose board. Have someone walk on the floor while you look for the precise point causing the squeak. Drive a shim into the gap between the flooring and the framing until the squeaking stops. You can buy pre-cut shims that are perfect for this at home improvement stores. These are used mainly for wedging between door and window frames to square and plumb the opening. Tap a shim into the gap until it gets tight. The nice thing about these shims is you can drive one right next to another or stack them until the squeak is cured.